Rain Alarm(STEAM Education)

Project : 34

Rain Alarm

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Project Aim:

To create a rain alarm circuit that activates a buzzer when water droplets are detected by a water sensor.

Components Used:

1.     Power Supply

2.     Water Sensor

3.     Transistor NPN & PNP

4.     Buzzer

5.     Capacitor of 10nF

6.     Resistor 10K & 330K

7.     Connecting Wires

 

Circuit Diagram:

 

Connection Procedure:

Step 1: Connect the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 62) to one end of resistor 330K (R7, Pin 13).

Step 2: Connect the other end of resistor 330K (R7, Pin 14) to one terminal of the water sensor (Pin 77).

Step 3: Connect the other terminal of the water sensor (Pin 78) to the base of the NPN transistor (Pin 30) and also one end of the 10K resistor (R6, Pin 12).

Step 4: Connect the negative terminal of the power supply (Pin 59) to the negative terminal of the buzzer (Pin 53).

Step 5: Connect the positive terminal of the buzzer (Pin 54) to the collector of the PNP transistor (Pin 31) and also one end of the 10nF capacitor (Pin 15).

Step 6: Connect the other end of the 10nF capacitor (Pin 16) to the other end of the 10K resistor (Pin 11).

Step 7: Connect the emitter of the PNP transistor (Pin 29) to the positive terminal of the power supply (Pin 63).

Step 8: Connect the base of the PNP transistor (Pin 30) to the collector of the NPN transistor (Pin 31).

Step 9:  Connect the negative terminal of power supply (Pin 60) to Emitter of NPN Transistor (Pin 29).

 

Explanation:

In this rain alarm circuit, the water sensor is designed to detect water droplets. When droplets fall on the sensor, they act as conductors, reducing the resistance between nickel lines in parallel. This decrease in resistance leads to a reduced voltage drop across the sensor, triggering the buzzer to beep, indicating the presence of rain.